Monetary Policy And Interest Rates - 1588 Words

this change is not always equal to the output of the change. This is called â€Å"Multipliers†. In this case we have Tax Multipliers and Government spending multipliers. If the government does not raise taxes and the consumer has more money to spend, normally that means he or she will spend more. However, there is a possibility that the consumer will spend some and save some of the money that they have based on lower taxes. The theory of Marginal Propensity to Consume or (MPC) is based on if and when the consumer will spend that extra money. Conversely, the Marginal Propensity to Save (MPS) is based on the money that the same consumer is willing to save vs. put back into the economy. There are foreign language formulas that can depict various types of Multipliers, (GDP, TAX, Govt Spending) but for this document we will not touch on the related formulas. But trust me Ed, they are there. Monetary policy and interest rates As we learned in our Economics 545 class, the Government (our policy makers) is not the only entity that can manipulate the business cycle and our economic activities. There is an organization called the Federal Reserve Bank. (FRB) This was voted into law back in 1913 by President Woodrow Wilson. The mission of the FRB is to issue Federal Reserve notes, or legal tender better known to you and me, as the â€Å"All Mighty Dollar†. They also can issue bank notes. The Bottom line, the FRB controls how much money is put into the economy. They also have theShow MoreRelatedInterest Rates And Monetary Policy1712 Words   |  7 Pages An interest rate is the amount of profit that is earned over a period of time, the amount of interest acquired is proportional to how much is lent or borrowed. Interest rates give incentives for business and banks to borrow and lend money in order to stimulate the economic activity in any given country. Institutions lend money to borrowers up front in order to receive more money in the future. Some factors to consider when dealing with interest rates are the currency of the amount that is lentRead MoreInterest Rates : The Core Of The Monetary Policy1404 Words   |  6 PagesInterest rates are considered to be the core of the monetary policy set by economists and policy makers and that is applied by central banks to achieve certain economic objects regarding measures like inflation and output. In other words, interest rates are just means to influence dimensions of macroeconomic activity and central banks usually do not have any inherent preference for one interest rate level versus another. Empirical literature has revealed that changes in the supply of bank reservesRead MoreMonetary Policy Implications : Interest Rates2344 Words   |  10 PagesMonetary Policy Implications Interest Rates Domestically, financial conditions have generally eased since February 2015. Interest rates for borrowers were reduced broadly in line with the reduction in the cash rate in February and May. These rate cuts have been implemented to stimulate the sluggish economy in Australia, to increase investments, consumption and spending within the economy. The rates are currently at a historical low, with an accommodative expansionary monetary policy being implementedRead MoreInterest Rate Targeting Monetary Policy5764 Words   |  24 Pagesexamine the importance and impact of monetary policy which is being conducted by a central bank in the country. The analysis covers the target of monetary policy in Malaysia. It also compares two monetary policy (interbank interest rate) which was conducted by central bank of Malaysia and fed funds rate which was practiced by Federal Reserve Bank of New York. It concentrates further some factors that may have relation to changing in monetary policy. Base lending rate, BNM treasury bills and ringgit valueRead MoreThe Monetary Policy Is The Rule Of The Interest Rate And Money Supply Of A Country957 Words   |  4 PagesThe monetary policy is controlled by the Central Bank or Federal Reserve, it is the regulation of the interest rate and money supply of a country. â€Å"The Bank’s monetary policy objective is to deliver price stability – low inflation – and, subject to that, to support the Government’s economic objectives including those for growth and employment. Price stability is defined by the Government’s inflation target of 2%† (Bank of England). One of the most influential econometrics tools to define monetaryRead MoreWhy Monetary Policy Transmission Affects Economy Wide Interest Rates Essay1240 Words   |  5 Pages The RBA conducts monetary policy either by a contractionary policy, raising interest rates to fight high levels of inflation or an expansionary policy, reducing real interest rates to fight recession. The inverse relationship between real interest rates and household consumption as presumed by Keynesian model means, implementing either monetary policies will resolve in a transmission mechanism to interest rates and affect several components of PAE. How the overnight cash rate is successfully targetedRead MoreEssay on Monetary Policy1348 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Monetary policy is among the many tools used by a national government to manipulate its financial system. Monetary policy refers to the method used by the financial authority of any country to control the supply and availability of money (Woelfel, 1994). It is often targeted at interest rates to achieve lay down objectives directed towards economic growth and stability (Woelfel, 1994). Monetary policy rests on the link between interest rates in an economy, that is, the relationshipRead MoreMonetary and Fiscal Policy Essay1508 Words   |  7 PagesMonetary Policy Monetary policy is the mechanism of a country’s monetary authority (usually the central bank) controlling money in the economy so as to promote economic growth and stability by creating relatively stable prices and low unemployment. A monetary policy mainly deals with the supply of money, availability of money, cost of money and the rate of interest so as to attain a set of objectives aiming towards growth and stability of the economy. Monetary policy is said to be expansionaryRead MoreThe Quantity Theory Of Money And Taylor s Rules1497 Words   |  6 Pagesshould enter the monetary policy decision-making process†()that they appear to be on opposite ends of the spectrum on the issue of monetary policy rules. The quantity theory of money, as restated by Friedman, leads to a constant money growth rule. Monetarists believe that â€Å"variation in the money supply has major influences on national real output in the short run and the price level over longer periods, and that objectives of monetary policy are best met by targeting the growth rate of the money supplyRead MoreEssay on Economy: The Role of Monetary Policy1085 Words   |  5 PagesMonetary Policy Does monetary policy cause more problems than solutions? The control of the amount of money in circulation is of general essence to the economy in various ways. The Federal Reserve System (the Fed) is approved to develop a monetary policy to control the rate of inflation, regulate the conduct of business and to control the economy through a steady economic growth by the government of the U.S.A. According to Taylor (2011), â€Å"Monetary policy is that involves altering the quantity of

An Analysis of Jonathan Swift and Martin Luther King Jr.’s...

In a satirical essay, Swift uses Rogerian strategy along with other rhetorical tactics such as specific diction, nuclear emphasis, and multiple double meanings to effectively surface the horrific treatment of the Irish by the English aristocracy. Rogerian strategy focuses on the â€Å"open exchange of ideas directed toward mutual understanding† with emphasis on conceding certain points to gain an understanding of the opposition and in doing so gain ground rather than losing it through a hostile exchange of right and wrong (Cooper/Patton 70). Swift carefully organized his essay so the audience, the English Aristocracy, would not recognize it as satire and dismiss it right away. Swift begins with a quasi-believable tone, one of an economist†¦show more content†¦As Swift offers his â€Å"Modest Proposal† we see how ridiculous it is to even fathom eating children but even worse making money off of it. But we still cannot characterize the essay as satirical because he has made no reference to change or exaggeration, the essential ingredients in determining if an essay is satirical. Swifts continues to employ Rogerian tactics to give the appearance of still being on the side of the English aristocracy. Swift specifically points out the fact that â€Å"the number of popish infants is at least three to one† and an advantage of his still serious proposal â€Å"will be the lessening of Papist among us† (Swift 300). Swift reduces the population from general to a specific religious affiliation and the use of the pronoun â€Å"us† still puts Swift on the English side. Now that Swift has established a mutual understanding he moves to make a suggestion. After stating his computation of nursing a beggar’s child and the amount a â€Å"gentlemen† would pay for this child he states â€Å"the squire will learn to be a good landlord, and grow popular among the tenants† (Swift 300). Swift subtly suggests up to this point the squires are not good landlords and not favored among tenants. According to the Rogerian strategy, if Swift were to come right out and say this without the use of concessions the English would have a more hostile attitude, but instead a re more apt to consider his point. This marks Swift’s first attempt at bringing out a larger issue;Show MoreRelatedAmerican Literature11652 Words   |  47 PagesChristian utopia Genre/Style: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · sermons, diaries personal narratives captivity narratives jeremiads written in plain style Effect: ï‚ · ï‚ · instructive reinforces authority of the Bible and church Historical Context: ï‚ · ï‚ · a person s fate is determined by God all people are corrupt and must be saved by Christ Rationalism / Age of Enlightenment period of American Literature - 1750-1800 Content: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · national mission and American character democratic utopia use of reason

Orientation day at Seneca Free Essays

This article is based on students who participated in Seneca College Orientation. It was a big success because everyone learned so much about their courses and everyone had fun. This orientation was for new students attending Seneca College, there are different departments of studies that were introduced. We will write a custom essay sample on Orientation day at Seneca or any similar topic only for you Order Now First, the president of Seneca College, David Jones welcomed students by his speech then after that, the president had every student in every department come up on the stage so that he could personally welcome everyone and give the students a pin. Along with some of the board members, everyone shook hands and personally greeted each other a welcome aboard greeting. Everyone was amazed by the start of this formal ceremony. After the welcome greeting, the president introduced Ms. Erin Grant, Alumni and also the Valedictorian of her school year. She was thrilled to be called on to greet the new students. She shared some quotes to encourage the new students and told them not to worry about negative things because hard work is the key to success. It created a nice atmosphere among the students, because it took some pressure off their shoulders. After she delivered her lovely speech, the president and the board members left the gymnasium while the students remained in their seats waiting for their department of study to be called down so that they can meet with the faculty members so that they can discuss further details about the courses with their future students. The faculty discussed what the courses were about and what the expectations on each of them were. They gave out a lot of informations to help the students know what they are entering into. The discussion ended and everyone enjoyed a delicious lunch on Seneca grounds. It was an unforgettable Orientation day at Seneca. How to cite Orientation day at Seneca, Papers

English Presentation - Presentation Tips for Public Speaking free essay sample

Public Speaking We are going to treat the three most Important aspects which you should keep In mind when preparing and giving presentations. These are audience, tone and attitude. Lets start with audience. You have to know your audience, in order to match the information you are giving to their needs and interests. To do this, you could use a specific language or specific words. For instance, you could use Jargon to make your knowledge of the topic clear to the audience. By doing this you will get closer to the audience and they will be ore interested.Also changing your usage of words (more or less formal) can help the audience to remain Interested in the presentation. The material you present should be clear and In a logical order. Start with an Introduction, then discuss the body and finally state your conclusion. Another thing that Is really important Is to know what you are talking about. We will write a custom essay sample on English Presentation Presentation Tips for Public Speaking or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Even If you are not quite sure, make It seem Like you are. Stay positive and enthusiastic and speak with conviction, which means you really believe the things you are saying. This bring us to our next point: attitude.Attitude can make or break your presentation, because if YOU do not come across confident and sure about the things you say, the audience immediately relates this to the material you are discussing. You can prevent this by doing the following: First of all your appearance is important. Dress appropriately, do not put your hands in your pockets and stand up straight. Standing, walking and using hand gestures Is preferred to sitting down or looking down at your paper all the time. Do not talk as If you are bored and do not mumble, this way people wont take you seriously. Second, body language. Try to come across relaxed. Even If you are nervous, talk slowly and focus on what you are saying rather than thinking about what could go wrong. Look pleasant, relaxed and smile sometimes. This will make your presentation appear more professional and smooth. Act appropriate when your topic is very serious. Finally, communicate with the audience. Again, try not to look down all the time or turn your back to the audience when reading from the Powering. Use the 3-second method, which is look straight into the eyes of a person in the public for 3 seconds.Communication is very important. Pause sometimes to allow yourself and the audience some time to reflect and think. Lets now move on to tone Every topic and every audience requires a different tone. As said before, when nonchalant about it. However, in every presentation it is important to speak with confidence and conviction. It is useful to start your presentation with an attention- grabber and end it with a remarkable fact. Also try to vary the tone of your voice and traumatized when necessary. Another thing you could do to maintain the audiences Ochs is to use signpost language.Signpost language guides the listener through the presentation, by alerting them when moving on to the next topic and to indicate what is coming up next. Examples are: Id like to begin by , moving on to , lets now look at. , why is this important? , to conclude Etcetera. Use humor when appropriate to keep the audience interested. Keep in mind, the more interesting and entertaining the presentation, the easier it is to endure and the more people will remember of what was being told during the presentation.

December 19 , 2017 Essays - Identity Documents, Government, Passport

December 19 , 2017 Efficiently Getting a Passport Traveling around the world is not as traveling in your home country . Many people may want to travel out of their countries for different purposes like vacation, tourism , curative , job, or immigration . In local traveling, you often use ID for showing your identity. Countries' governments have established passports as they are travel documents that certify the identities and nationalities of their holders. Although some people think the process of getting a passport is complicated, it can be easier and faster getting a passport by gathering required documents , preparing application and fees , and attending interview . Gathering required documents is the first step to efficiently get a passport . Documents like birth certificate and estate ID . They have to be original copies , otherwise they will reject. Attach with the original copies black white copies for all documents and two passport photos for you. My friend lost the original copy of the birth certificate so the USCIS informed him to apply for a birth certificate then he could come back to apply for a passport. Preparing application and fees is the second step to apply for a passport. Passport application is free and you can download it online then print it out or go in person to any post office and obtain one for free. Application should be filled with the correct and exact data as in birth certificate and it must not be singed. My cousin forgot to read the application instruction as he applied for a passport for the first time and signed the application. This led to that USCIS reject his application and asked him to start over again with new application . Attached the cash money or check with the application. Find Post office nearby and submit all documents in person. The post office clerk will give you back the original copies after he confirms them. Collecting all needed documents is the first thing you should do. Attending an interview appointment is the last step to efficiently get a passport . After USCIS reviewing your documents and confirm s your eligibility , it will schedule you for an interview appointment. You should be prepared and organized. There will be so easy questions and you will be asked to do fingers print. After all that you will be notified with the date that you will be received your passport. USCIS sometimes takes four to six weeks to print your passport, so you should apply for a passport weeks earlier from your trip. While some people think procedures of getting passport are hard and confusing , it can be efficiently easy by gathering required documents, preparing application an d fees, and attending interview . Some people said that they didn't need passports but unexpected things happened and they changed their minds. They needed to be more extra fees for expedite the process of issuing passports. Resources: https://www.usps.com/international/passports.htm

Roman Lares, Larvae, Lemures, and Manes

Roman Lares, Larvae, Lemures, and Manes The ancient Romans believed that after death their souls became spirits or shades of the dead. There is some debate about the nature of Roman shades or spirits (aka ghosts). The theologian Augustine Bishop of Hippo (A.D. 354 - 430), who died when Vandals attacked Roman Africa, wrote about the Roman shades a few centuries after most of the literary, pagan Latin references to such spirits. Horace (65-8 B.C.) Epistles 2.2.209:​nocturnos lemures portentaque Thessala rides?)Do you laugh at dreams, miracles, magical terrors,Witches, ghosts in the night, and Thessalian portents?Kline translationOvid (43 B.C.-A.D. 17/18) Fasti 5.421ff:ritus erit veteris, nocturna Lemuria, sacri:inferias tacitis manibus illa dabunt.It will be the ancient sacred rites of the Lemuria,When we make offerings to the voiceless spirits. (Note that Constantine, the first Christian emperor of Rome died in 337.) St. Augustine on the Spirits of the Dead: Lemures and Demon: [Plotinus (3rd century A.D.)] says, indeed, that the souls of men are demons, and that men become Lares if they are good, Lemures or Larvae if they are bad, and Manes if it is uncertain whether they deserve well or ill. Who does not see at a glance that this is a mere whirlpool sucking men to moral destruction? For, however wicked men have been, if they suppose they shall become Larvae or divine Manes, they will become the worse the more love they have for inflicting injury; for, as the Larvae are hurtful demons made out of wicked men, these men must suppose that after death they will be invoked with sacrifices and divine honors that they may inflict injuries. But this question we must not pursue. He also states that the blessed are called in Greek eudaimones, because they are good souls, that is to say, good demons, confirming his opinion that the souls of men are demons. From Chapter 11. City of God, by St. Augustine, Augustine says there were the following different types of spirits of the dead: Lares if good,Lemures (larvae) if evil, andManes if indeterminate. Another Interpretation of the Lemures - Haunting Spirits: Instead of being evil spirits, the lemures (larvae) may have been souls that could find no rest because, having met with a violent or premature death, they were unhappy. They wandered among the living, haunting people and driving them to madness. This corresponds with modern tales about the ghosts in haunted houses. Lemuria - Festivals to Placate the Lemures: No sane Roman wanted to be haunted, so they held ceremonies to satisfy the spirits. The lemures (larvae) were propitiated during the 9-day festival in May named Lemuria after them. At the Parentalia or Feralia on the 18th and 21st of February, living descendants shared a meal with the benevolent spirits of their ancestral (manes or di parentes). Ovid (43 B.C. – A.D. 17) on the Lemures and Manes: Almost four centuries before the Christian St. Augustine wrote about pagan beliefs in shades, the Romans were honoring their ancestors and writing about the ceremonies. At the time, there was already uncertainty about the origins of placating festivals. In Ovids Fasti 5.422, the Manes and Lemures are synonymous and both hostile, in need of exorcism via the Lemuria. Ovid incorrectly derives the Lemuria from Remuria, saying it was to placate Remus, the brother of Romulus. Larvae and Lemures: Usually considered the same, not all ancient authors considered the Larvae and Lemures identical. In the Apocolocyntosis 9.3 (about the deification of  Emperor Claudius, attributed to Seneca) and Plinys Natural History, Larvae are tormentors of the dead. Manes: The Manes (in the plural) were originally good spirits. Their name was usually placed with the word for gods, di, as in Di manes. Manes came to be used for the ghosts of individuals. The first writer to do so is Julius and Augustus Caesars contemporary Cicero (106 - 43 B.C.). Reference: Aeneas and the Demands of the Dead, by Kristina P. Nielson. The Classical Journal, Vol. 79, No. 3. (Feb. - Mar. 1984). Also see Aeneid in the Realm of Hades Odysseus in the Underworld - Nekuia Ovid Fasti 5.421ff Judgment of the Dead in the Egyptian Afterlife Lemures and Larvae, by George Thaniel The American Journal of Philology. Vol. 94, No. 2 (Summer, 1973), pp. 182-187

Factors of Stress among International Students in University of South Essay

Factors of Stress among International Students in University of South - Essay Example The universities in Western countries like UK, Australia, USA or Canada are considered as a hub of providing state of the art facilities to its students and educate them in a manner that they become more competitive in the employment arena as compared to students seeking education in their local national universities (Poyrazil et al., 2011). This is because of the low standards followed by local national universities or macroeconomic factors that have a direct impact on educational institutions weakening the education system. For this reason, Western universities attract thousands of international students who are looking for sophisticated knowledge management mechanisms and technologically driven education delivery systems. The international students’ population in the USA, UK, and Australia has increased greatly in the last two decades due to strength in purchasing power in emerging economies across the globe (Yan & Berliner, 2011). The trend of growth or an increase in the number of enrolment of international students in foreign universities reflects that the number of students is likely to continue to grow in the coming years (Eustace, 2007). It is evident that international students complete their studies in foreign countries with ease however, they still they need to cope up with challenges such as language barriers, cultural differences, and financial obstacles etc. These factors contribute to the overall feeling of being lost or left out that international students face when they move to another country for seeking education. In addition to these factors, another major hurdle is the lack of confidence amongst the international students, which stems from the differences in social interaction norms followed by the local students and international students (Sandhu & Asrabadi, 1994). On the whole, these stressors might become so severe that they start to affect international students’ academic and personal lives, which in return affect their e fforts to become part of the new cultural settings that they are not familiar with. As a result, the happiness level of being in a foreign country and alone reduces which contributes to the reduction in the morale and results in sadness or disappointment (Yeh & Inose, 2003). Considering this background, the current research work focuses on understanding whether or not international students experience stress en route to completing their studies in foreign countries.